Editing, selection and processing - research in simplified form.

In my own words of my research:

JPG: Joint photographic experts group

The work JPG can also be known as a JPEG, when saved they use 'lossy' compression this means that the quality of the image can get lost as the image itself decreases. the JPG/ JPEG file is the most common file type used for images that have been taken with digital cameras, JPGs allow for some degree of file size reduction without losing a lot of the image quality but when the file sizes get to a low point they can become 'muddy' and out of focus this is why when sending an image people have to choose between size and quality. JPG also uses a 24-bit colour.

TFF: Tagged image file format 

TFF can also stand for TIF and TIFF, they are a common file for images especially in graphic design, they can be saved without compression or they can be compressed to a low file size which is a lot like the JPG. They are mostly used in print design and desktop publishing this is because they can store large high quality images such as photos.

The TIFF files are raster images and platform independent this means that they can work with different operating systems such as Mac and Windows. It can be lossy and listless compression.

PNG: Portable network graphics

PNG or ping is a compressed raster format it is commonly used in the web and for application graphics. The PNG uses lossless compression much like GIF which means that they do not have any blurring or loss of quality, it also supports 24-bit colour like JPG and also include 16,000 million colours. Unlike JPG and GIF formats PNG formats support alpha channel, the alpha channel is added to the three standard colour channels (red, green and blue also known as RGB) this then provides 256 levels of transparency. JPG images do not support transparent pixels and GIF images only support transparent pixels this means that by PNG having this it can be put onto any transparent background rather than a specific colour. The PNG images are normally saved as JPG as they take up more disk space.

BMP: Bitmap image file

BMP also known as a raster graphic is a digital image composed of a matrix of dots. When viewed at 100% each dot corresponds to an individual pixel on display, in a standard bitmap image each for can be assigned a different colour.

There are several different bitmap file formats: the standard uncompressed bitmap file BMP, the independent file DIB format which includes a header which defines the size of the image and number of colours that the image can contain. Other bitmap image formats such as JPEG, GIF and PNG which each format uses different type of compression but they all represent an image as a grid of pixels. 

If you zoom into a bitma image it will look blocky because each dot will take up more than one pixel, therefore bitmap images will appear blurry if they are enlarged. vector graphics on the other hand are composed of paths instead of dots and can be scaled without reducing the quality of the image.

PSD: Photoshop document file

A .PSD file is a layered image file used in Adobe PhotoShop. PSD, which stands for Photoshop Document this is the default format that Photoshop uses for saving data. A PSD is a proprietary file that allows the user to work with the images’ individual layers even after the file has been saved.

When an image is complete, Photoshop allows the user to flatten the layers and convert the flat image into a .JPG, .GIF, .TIFF or other non-proprietary file format so it can be shared. However, it cannot be converted back to PSD and the user can no longer work with the image's layers. It is important, therefore, so always save the .PSD file and not overwrite it during conversion.

AI:

Adobe Illustrator is a program used by both artists and graphic designers to create vector images. These images will then be used for company logos, promotional uses or even personal work, both in print and digital form. So what is Adobe Illustrator used for? It is typically used to create illustrations, charts, graphs, logos, diagrams, cartoons of real photographs, and more.  Creating vector images allows you to create clean, beautiful works of art that can be scaled up and down infinitely without ever losing quality.
Unlike the familiar gif, jpeg, tiff, etc images – known as raster images –  vector images are not made up of a grid of pixels. They are instead created by paths – a combination of a starting point and an ending point with a combination of shapes, angles and lines in-between. These paths relate to each other by mathematical formulas, allowing them to be scaled and rescaled infinitely.

WMF: 

In Windows, a metafile is a file that contains information regarding one or more other files. Called a Windows Metafile Format (WMF), it is commonly a graphics file format, containing information for vector graphics or bitmap files. The WMF contains a list of function calls that Windows uses in its Graphics Device Interface (GDI) layer to display images on a computer monitor.
The WMF was originally released around 1992 as a 16-bit format file for Windows 3.0. A 32-bit version was released in 1993 and called an Enhanced Metafile (EMF). For Windows XP, the Enhanced Metafile Format Plus Extensions (EMF+) format was released. There are also compressed WMFs, called Compressed Windows Metafile (WMZ) and Compressed Windows Enhanced Metafile (EMZ).